Welfare assessment of turkeys (<i>Meleagris gallopavo gallopavo</i>) on farm

Here is a summary of the research study for a health-conscious reader. ### **Plain-Language Summary** This scientific review assessed the well-being of farmed turkeys and concluded that many common industry practices cause significant stress and health problems. The researchers recommend major improvements, including giving turkeys more space, providing mentally stimulating environments, and shifting breeding priorities from rapid growth to better overall health. ### **Key Findings** * **Environment is Crucial:** Crowded, barren conditions with damp flooring contribute to injuries like footpad dermatitis and breast blisters, as well as stress-related behaviors. * **Mutilations Are Avoidable:** Painful procedures like beak and toe trimming are typically done to manage aggression in cramped spaces but would be unnecessary if turkeys were given adequate space and enrichment. * **Breeding for Size Harms Health:** Genetic selection focused heavily on rapid weight gain has led to widespread leg weakness and mobility issues. The study recommends prioritizing skeletal health in breeding programs. * **Feed Restriction is a Major Stressor:** Severely restricting food for breeding turkeys to control their weight is a significant welfare concern and is recommended to be discontinued. ### **Practical Takeaways for Nutrition and Longevity** The chronic stress and poor health experienced by animals can impact the quality of the final meat product. For consumers, this means that turkey raised in higher-welfare conditions—with more space, outdoor access, and a focus on natural behaviors—is likely to come from a healthier animal. When possible, look for certifications that guarantee higher welfare standards, as these address the key issues identified in this report. ### **Study Limitations** This document is a scientific opinion that synthesizes existing research to form recommendations. It is a comprehensive review rather than a single new experimental study.